The 2026 Lujiazui Forum placed capital market reform within a broader shift in how firms are financed. Corporate bond net financing reached just over C¥2 tn in H1 2026, up almost 80 percent from a year earlier, while new lending to firms slipped by almost 4 percent to just over C¥11 tn.
Weakening demand for NEVs, continued production growth and a prolonged price war have put sustained pressure on industry margins. Beijing's concern about this predates the anti-involution campaign. Premier Li Qiang 李强 warned about the risks of 'involution' in June 2024. The Politburo followed the next month, summoning automaker executives over below-cost pricing. Even so, the competition continued.
Beijing is recasting farm resilience as a capacity task. Grain output still sets the floor. The harder test is whether farmland, water, labour, local services, storage, logistics and markets can hold up when shocks hit.
Clinical trials tell you whether a drug works in ideal conditions. Real-world data (RWD) tells you whether it works on actual patients over time, and Beijing has decided it needs the second kind of evidence, and is building the infrastructure to collect it at scale. Since 2013, RWD has expanded beyond the handful of pilot zones used to fast-track drug registration.